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Validity and Reliability in Autonomy Needs Scale for Student
Corresponding Author(s) : Aftina Nurul Husna
Proceedings Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Undergraduate Conference,
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Crafting Innovation for Global Benefit
Abstract
The need for autonomy is how the individual thinks that his behaviour comes from himself without being influenced by others. The formation of autonomy was influenced by seven aspects, namely freedom, initiative, self-confidence, responsibility, self-assertiveness, decision-making, and self-control. The purpose of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the scale of autonomy needs that are made. This article also to explain specifically about the need for autonomy because there are not many articles that explain about autonomy needs of student. This research involved 92 students from various cities and universities to become subjects. The questionnaire consists of 60 items designed to assess aspects of freedom, initiative, self-confidence, responsibility, self-assertiveness, decision-making and self-control. This questionnaire has five alternative answers, namely 1 for "Strongly Disagree", 2 for "Disagree", 3 for "Somewhat Agree", 4 for "Agree", and 5 for "Strongly Agree". The results of this study indicate that it takes three rounds to find the level of validity and reliability on this scale with Cronbach's alpha of 0.937 and the number of items as many as 22 item. This research is expected to provide insight regarding the need for autonomy and it is hoped that research on the scale of this need for autonomy can be further developed in subsequent studies.
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- Ariani, D. W. (2019). Basic psychological needs as predictors of burnout and engagement. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research, 27(2), 51–74.
- Baron, I. S. (2019). Efek beban kerja dan otonomi kerja terhadap prestasi kerja. Kindal, 18(2), 365–372.
- Begum, J. (2019). LEARNER AUTONOMY IN EFL/ESL CLASSROOMS IN BANGLADESH: teachersâ€TM PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES. International Journal of Language Education, 3(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v1i1.6397
- Brownlow, L. (2022). Targeting the needs of self-determination theory: an overview of mental health care apps. European Journal of Mental Health, 17(1), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH/17.2022.1.8
- Meany, B. C. (2023). Review of self-determination theory and its application in coaching, instruction, and leadership. MOJ Sports Medicine, 6(1), 50–52. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojsm.2023.06.00139
- Charry, C., Goig, R., & Martínez, I. (2020). Psychological well-being and youth autonomy: comparative analysis of spain and colombia. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.564232
- Garrels, V., & Sigstad, H. M. H. (2019). Motivation for employment in Norwegian adults with mild intellectual disability: The role of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 21(1), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.16993/sjdr.639
- Guay, F. (2022). Applying self-determination theory to education: regulation types, psychological needs, and autonomy supporting behaviors. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 37(1), 75–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/08295735211055355
- Hamzah, I. F. (2019). Aplikasi self-determinantion theory pada kebijakan publik era industri 4.0. PSISULA: Prosiding Berkala Psikologi, 1, 66–73. Retrieved from www.change.org.
- Herminingsih, A. (2020). Peningkatan kinerja pengajaran dosen melaui kepemimpinan transformasional dan pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dasar dengan pemediasi motivasi kerja. Majalah Ilmiah Solusi, 18(1), 17–32.
- Iksan, N. (2019). Subjektivitas kolektif: krisis eksistensi dalam karya seni. Studi Budaya Nusantara, 3(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.sbn.2019.003.01.04
- Kasmiati, & Indriyani. (2021). Pola kebutuhan aktualisasi diri pada siswa pendidikan anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.31849/paud-lectura.v4i02.8016
- Koka, A., Tilga, H., Hein, V., Kalajas-Tilga, H., & Raudsepp, L. (2021). A Multidimensional approach to perceived teachers’ autonomy support and its relationship with intrinsic motivation of students in physical education. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 52(3), 266–286. https://doi.org/10.7352/IJSP.2021.52.266
- Lusiana, A. (2019). Hubungan antara determinasi diri dan penyesuaian diri siswa kelas vii smp “sk” jakarta barat tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Jurnal Psiko-Edukasi, 17, 1–14.
- Mardianti. (2020). Dukungan atasan, harga diri dan kebutuhan dasar psikologis karyawan. Jurnal Psikologi, 13(2), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.35760/psi.2020.v13i2.3488
- Marisa, C., & Utami, S. (2021). Information services with cooperative methods to improve student’s self-autonomy. Journal of Academia Perspectives, 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30998/jap.v1i1.371
- McDaniel, M., McGee, J., Beeson, M., & Prater, E. (2022). Channeling franchisee independence: how personal initiative and self-awareness mediate the relationship between desire for autonomy and franchise performance. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 32(2), 104–114. https://doi.org/10.53703/001c.31716
References
Ariani, D. W. (2019). Basic psychological needs as predictors of burnout and engagement. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research, 27(2), 51–74.
Baron, I. S. (2019). Efek beban kerja dan otonomi kerja terhadap prestasi kerja. Kindal, 18(2), 365–372.
Begum, J. (2019). LEARNER AUTONOMY IN EFL/ESL CLASSROOMS IN BANGLADESH: teachersâ€TM PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES. International Journal of Language Education, 3(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v1i1.6397
Brownlow, L. (2022). Targeting the needs of self-determination theory: an overview of mental health care apps. European Journal of Mental Health, 17(1), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH/17.2022.1.8
Meany, B. C. (2023). Review of self-determination theory and its application in coaching, instruction, and leadership. MOJ Sports Medicine, 6(1), 50–52. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojsm.2023.06.00139
Charry, C., Goig, R., & Martínez, I. (2020). Psychological well-being and youth autonomy: comparative analysis of spain and colombia. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.564232
Garrels, V., & Sigstad, H. M. H. (2019). Motivation for employment in Norwegian adults with mild intellectual disability: The role of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 21(1), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.16993/sjdr.639
Guay, F. (2022). Applying self-determination theory to education: regulation types, psychological needs, and autonomy supporting behaviors. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 37(1), 75–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/08295735211055355
Hamzah, I. F. (2019). Aplikasi self-determinantion theory pada kebijakan publik era industri 4.0. PSISULA: Prosiding Berkala Psikologi, 1, 66–73. Retrieved from www.change.org.
Herminingsih, A. (2020). Peningkatan kinerja pengajaran dosen melaui kepemimpinan transformasional dan pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dasar dengan pemediasi motivasi kerja. Majalah Ilmiah Solusi, 18(1), 17–32.
Iksan, N. (2019). Subjektivitas kolektif: krisis eksistensi dalam karya seni. Studi Budaya Nusantara, 3(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.sbn.2019.003.01.04
Kasmiati, & Indriyani. (2021). Pola kebutuhan aktualisasi diri pada siswa pendidikan anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.31849/paud-lectura.v4i02.8016
Koka, A., Tilga, H., Hein, V., Kalajas-Tilga, H., & Raudsepp, L. (2021). A Multidimensional approach to perceived teachers’ autonomy support and its relationship with intrinsic motivation of students in physical education. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 52(3), 266–286. https://doi.org/10.7352/IJSP.2021.52.266
Lusiana, A. (2019). Hubungan antara determinasi diri dan penyesuaian diri siswa kelas vii smp “sk” jakarta barat tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Jurnal Psiko-Edukasi, 17, 1–14.
Mardianti. (2020). Dukungan atasan, harga diri dan kebutuhan dasar psikologis karyawan. Jurnal Psikologi, 13(2), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.35760/psi.2020.v13i2.3488
Marisa, C., & Utami, S. (2021). Information services with cooperative methods to improve student’s self-autonomy. Journal of Academia Perspectives, 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30998/jap.v1i1.371
McDaniel, M., McGee, J., Beeson, M., & Prater, E. (2022). Channeling franchisee independence: how personal initiative and self-awareness mediate the relationship between desire for autonomy and franchise performance. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 32(2), 104–114. https://doi.org/10.53703/001c.31716