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Strengthening Social Protection Network in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Coverage, Targeting, and Funding towards an Inclusive Welfare State
Corresponding Author(s) : Muhammad Faiz Krisnadi
Proceedings Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Undergraduate Conference,
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Crafting Innovation for Global Benefit
Abstract
This study analyzes the challenges and potential solutions for strengthening Indonesia's social protection network towards a welfare state system. Despite recent economic growth, poverty and inequality persist, necessitating a robust social protection network. The purpose is to identify limitations in the current system and recommend ways to transition towards a welfare state. Objectives include analyzing implementation challenges, examining potential solutions, and assessing the implications of proposed recommendations. Employing a qualitative approach, data was collected through literature reviews, government reports, and policy documents using purposive sampling. Findings indicate limitations, including inadequate coverage, targeting, and funding. Recommendations for strengthening the system include expanding coverage, improving targeting mechanisms, increasing funding, and enhancing stakeholder coordination. This study comprehensively analyses the challenges and potential solutions for strengthening Indonesia's social protection network towards a welfare state. Recommendations can inform policymakers and stakeholders in developing effective policies and programs to enhance social protection and improve the lives of vulnerable populations. The study's originality lies in its holistic approach to examining the social protection system in Indonesia and proposing practical solutions for transitioning towards a welfare state.
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- Ataguba, J. E. (2015). Social health insurance for developing nations. In Achieving Universal Health Coverage (pp. 109-128). Springer.
- Barrientos, A. (2013). Social transfers and poverty reduction. Oxford Development Studies, 41(1), 32-52.
- Beatty, A., & Gibson, J. (2016). Government intervention in social welfare: the efficacy of Indonesian cash transfers. Oxford Development Studies, 44(2), 199-218.
- BPS. (2019). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
- BPS. (2020). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
- BPS. (2021). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
- BPS. (2022). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
- Fitrani, F., & van der Meijden, G. (2018). The role of village governments in social protection programs in Indonesia: The case of PNPM Mandiri. World Development Perspectives, 10, 56-63.
- Gaiha, R. (2015). Conditional Cash Transfers in Asia: Some Lessons Learned. Asian Development Review, 32(2), 33-61.
- Haarmann, C., Van Den Boom, B., & Barugahara, A. (2015). Social protection in Indonesia: past, present, and future. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 32(1), 59-75.
- Handayani, D., & Ibrahim, H. (2019). Social protection policies and programs in Indonesia: An overview. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 6(3), 233-248.
- Jaspers, D., & Park, Y. J. (2017). Social protection in Asia and the Pacific: An overview of universal schemes and programs. Asian Development Review, 34(1), 148-173.
- Kessy, F. L., & Kessy, A. T. (2017). Social protection in Tanzania: A review of policies, interventions and achievements. Journal of Social and Economic Development, 19(1), 137-158.
- Kusumaatmadja, M., & Pramono, D. (2019). Role of Community Empowerment Programmes for Poverty Reduction and Inclusive Growth in Indonesia: Evidence from PNPM Mandiri. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 6(4), 439-452.
- Kusumawardhani, A. (2019). Cash Transfer Program for the Poor in Indonesia: Evidence from Indonesian Family Life Survey. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 6(2), 178-191.
- Lumbanraja, P., & Simbolon, A. (2018). Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Indonesia: The Case of Program Keluarga Harapan. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 5(1), 32-41.
- Marga, T., & Astuti, Y. R. (2016). Social protection for women workers in Indonesia: A study of social security programmes. Journal of Social Policy, 45(4), 755-773.
- Mulyani, A., & Sulistyaningsih, E. (2019). The effectiveness of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) in Indonesia: A review. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business, 34(3), 197-214.
- Nuryartono, N. (2018). Conditional Cash Transfers in Indonesia: Targeting, Benefit Design and Household Welfare. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 5(2), 124-145.
- Osberg, L. (2008). Economic inequality in Canada: Changing income shares and the growing gap between rich and poor. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne d'Économique, 41(4), 1392-1419.
- Rizky, L., & Zulfa, D. (2021). Social protection for Indonesia's informal sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 51(2), 291-307.
- Samadhi, T. M., Adiputro, I. G. P., & Simbolon, H. (2020). Transforming the informal economy into formal economy: an impact evaluation of Indonesia's social assistance programme. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 37(1), 41-59.
- Silal, C. P. (2019). Towards an inclusive social protection system in South Africa: A theoretical and empirical perspective. South African Journal of Economics, 87(1), 1-26.
- Sumarto, S., & Widyanti, W. (2016). The Role of Social Protection in Supporting the Poor and Vulnerable during the Recent Economic Slowdown in Indonesia. In The Political Economy of Social Protection in Southeast Asia (pp. 55-79). Springer.
- Sumarto, S., Suryahadi, A., & Widyanti, W. (2013). Economic shocks and poor households: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Asian Economics, 26, 76-85.
- Sumner, A., Hoy, C., & Ortiz-Juarez, E. (2019). Estimates of the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty. UNU-WIDER.
- Tadjoeddin, M. Z. (2016). Social Protection and Labour Market Outcomes in Indonesia. In The Political Economy of Social Protection in Southeast Asia (pp. 81-98). Springer.
- The World Bank. (2020). Indonesia economic prospects: navigating the pandemic. The World Bank.
- World Health Organization. (2021). Social protection and health. WHO.
References
Ataguba, J. E. (2015). Social health insurance for developing nations. In Achieving Universal Health Coverage (pp. 109-128). Springer.
Barrientos, A. (2013). Social transfers and poverty reduction. Oxford Development Studies, 41(1), 32-52.
Beatty, A., & Gibson, J. (2016). Government intervention in social welfare: the efficacy of Indonesian cash transfers. Oxford Development Studies, 44(2), 199-218.
BPS. (2019). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
BPS. (2020). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
BPS. (2021). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
BPS. (2022). Social Protection Statistics in Indonesia.
Fitrani, F., & van der Meijden, G. (2018). The role of village governments in social protection programs in Indonesia: The case of PNPM Mandiri. World Development Perspectives, 10, 56-63.
Gaiha, R. (2015). Conditional Cash Transfers in Asia: Some Lessons Learned. Asian Development Review, 32(2), 33-61.
Haarmann, C., Van Den Boom, B., & Barugahara, A. (2015). Social protection in Indonesia: past, present, and future. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 32(1), 59-75.
Handayani, D., & Ibrahim, H. (2019). Social protection policies and programs in Indonesia: An overview. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 6(3), 233-248.
Jaspers, D., & Park, Y. J. (2017). Social protection in Asia and the Pacific: An overview of universal schemes and programs. Asian Development Review, 34(1), 148-173.
Kessy, F. L., & Kessy, A. T. (2017). Social protection in Tanzania: A review of policies, interventions and achievements. Journal of Social and Economic Development, 19(1), 137-158.
Kusumaatmadja, M., & Pramono, D. (2019). Role of Community Empowerment Programmes for Poverty Reduction and Inclusive Growth in Indonesia: Evidence from PNPM Mandiri. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 6(4), 439-452.
Kusumawardhani, A. (2019). Cash Transfer Program for the Poor in Indonesia: Evidence from Indonesian Family Life Survey. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 6(2), 178-191.
Lumbanraja, P., & Simbolon, A. (2018). Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Indonesia: The Case of Program Keluarga Harapan. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 5(1), 32-41.
Marga, T., & Astuti, Y. R. (2016). Social protection for women workers in Indonesia: A study of social security programmes. Journal of Social Policy, 45(4), 755-773.
Mulyani, A., & Sulistyaningsih, E. (2019). The effectiveness of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) in Indonesia: A review. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business, 34(3), 197-214.
Nuryartono, N. (2018). Conditional Cash Transfers in Indonesia: Targeting, Benefit Design and Household Welfare. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 5(2), 124-145.
Osberg, L. (2008). Economic inequality in Canada: Changing income shares and the growing gap between rich and poor. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne d'Économique, 41(4), 1392-1419.
Rizky, L., & Zulfa, D. (2021). Social protection for Indonesia's informal sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 51(2), 291-307.
Samadhi, T. M., Adiputro, I. G. P., & Simbolon, H. (2020). Transforming the informal economy into formal economy: an impact evaluation of Indonesia's social assistance programme. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 37(1), 41-59.
Silal, C. P. (2019). Towards an inclusive social protection system in South Africa: A theoretical and empirical perspective. South African Journal of Economics, 87(1), 1-26.
Sumarto, S., & Widyanti, W. (2016). The Role of Social Protection in Supporting the Poor and Vulnerable during the Recent Economic Slowdown in Indonesia. In The Political Economy of Social Protection in Southeast Asia (pp. 55-79). Springer.
Sumarto, S., Suryahadi, A., & Widyanti, W. (2013). Economic shocks and poor households: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Asian Economics, 26, 76-85.
Sumner, A., Hoy, C., & Ortiz-Juarez, E. (2019). Estimates of the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty. UNU-WIDER.
Tadjoeddin, M. Z. (2016). Social Protection and Labour Market Outcomes in Indonesia. In The Political Economy of Social Protection in Southeast Asia (pp. 81-98). Springer.
The World Bank. (2020). Indonesia economic prospects: navigating the pandemic. The World Bank.
World Health Organization. (2021). Social protection and health. WHO.