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Hubungan Antara Penurunan Hasil Hitung Limfosit Absolut dengan Keparahan Pasien COVID-19
Corresponding Author(s) : Titiek Hidayati
Proceedings Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Undergraduate Conference,
Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Strengthening Youth Potential for Sustainable Innovation
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit infeksi pada saluran pernafasan yang disebabkan oleh Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adalah virus yang menyerang saluran pernafasan penyakit infeksi. Pada tanggal 30 Januari 2020 WHO menetapkan COVID-19 sebagai pandemic dengan angka kematian yang signifikan sehingga penting untuk membedakan kasus berat dan tidak berat. Penulis melakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi dan untuk mengetahui korelasi hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium terutama hitung limfosit absolut dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit pada pasien COVID-19. Virus SARS-CoV-2 adalah coronavirus jenis baru, sehingga memerlukan pemahaman lebih lanjut terkait hasi tes laboratorium untuk mendiagnosis penyakit dan menentukan tatalaksana yang sesuai dari seseorang yang terinfeksi COVID-19. Menurut penelitian hasil hitung limfosit pada pasien COVID-19mengalami penurunan. Kondisi limfositopenia memiliki resiko yang besar untuk terjadi cedera ginjal akut (AKI), penanda kegagalan organ serta limfositopenia sering ditemukan pada pasien yang dirawat di intensive care unit (ICU). Studi pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hasil hitung limfosit pada pasien yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19. Studi pustaka dilakukan dengan mencari litteratur berupa artikel dan jurnal di e-database nasional maupun internasional menggunakan kata kunci COVID-19, pemeriksaan laboratorium, dan limfosit serta dikaji menggunakan narrative methods. Hasil dari studi menunjukan bahwa terdapat penurunan limfosit absolut pada pasien COVID-19.
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- Ackermann, M., Verleden, S. E., Kuehnel, M., Haverich, A., Welte, T., Laenger, F., Vanstapel, A., Werlein, C., Stark, H., Tzankov, A., Li, W. W., Li, V. W., Mentzer, S. J., & Jonigk, D. (2020). Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(2), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMOA2015432
- Aminjafari, A., Ghasemi, S., Robson, B., Lai, C., Shih, T., Ko, W., Tang, H., Hsueh, P., Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Mcintyre, R. S., Wu, Y., Xu, X., Chen, Z., Duan, J., Hashimoto, K., & Yang, L. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Brain Behav Immun., S0889-1591(January), 30511-0.
- Chen, H., Guo, J., Wang, C., Luo, F., Yu, X., Zhang, W., Li, J., Zhao, D., Xu, D., Gong, Q., Liao, J., Yang, H., Hou, W., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet (London, England), 395(10226), 809. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
- Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet, 395(10223), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
- Fu, M., Liu, Y., Wang, G., Wang, P., Zhang, J., Chen, C., Zhao, M., Zhang, S., Jiao, J., Ouyang, X., Yu, Y., Wen, B., He, C., Wang, J., Zhou, D., & Xiong, X. (2022). A protein-protein interaction map reveals that the Coxiella burnetii effector CirB inhibits host proteasome activity. PLoS Pathogens, 18(7 July). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1010660
- Huang, B., Ling, R., Cheng, Y., Wen, J., Dai, Y., Huang, W., Zhang, S., Lu, X., Luo, Y., & Jiang, Y. Z. (2020a). Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options. Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development, 18, 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OMTM.2020.06.013
- Huang, B., Ling, R., Cheng, Y., Wen, J., Dai, Y., Huang, W., Zhang, S., Lu, X., Luo, Y., & Jiang, Y. Z. (2020b). Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options. Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development, 18, 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OMTM.2020.06.013
- Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., … Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
- Iannetta, M., Buccisano, F., Fraboni, D., Malagnino, V., Campogiani, L., Teti, E., Spalliera, I., Rossi, B., di Lorenzo, A., Palmieri, R., Crea, A., Zordan, M., Vitale, P., Voso, M. T., Andreoni, M., & Sarmati, L. (2021). Baseline T-lymphocyte subset absolute counts can predict both outcome and severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: a single center study. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90983-0
- Jones, D. L., Baluja, M. Q., Graham, D. W., Corbishley, A., McDonald, J. E., Malham, S. K., Hillary, L. S., Connor, T. R., Gaze, W. H., Moura, I. B., Wilcox, M. H., & Farkas, K. (2020). Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in feces and urine and its potential role in person-to-person transmission and the environment-based spread of COVID-19. The Science of the Total Environment, 749. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2020.141364
- Kim, Y. G., Yun, S. G., Kim, M. Y., Park, K., Cho, C. H., Yoon, S. Y., Nam, M. H., Lee, C. K., Cho, Y. J., & Lim, C. S. (2016). Comparison between Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Multiplex Reverse Transcription-PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 55(1), 226–233. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01704-16
- Lai, C. C., Shih, T. P., Ko, W. C., Tang, H. J., & Hsueh, P. R. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 55(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJANTIMICAG.2020.105924
References
Ackermann, M., Verleden, S. E., Kuehnel, M., Haverich, A., Welte, T., Laenger, F., Vanstapel, A., Werlein, C., Stark, H., Tzankov, A., Li, W. W., Li, V. W., Mentzer, S. J., & Jonigk, D. (2020). Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(2), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMOA2015432
Aminjafari, A., Ghasemi, S., Robson, B., Lai, C., Shih, T., Ko, W., Tang, H., Hsueh, P., Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Mcintyre, R. S., Wu, Y., Xu, X., Chen, Z., Duan, J., Hashimoto, K., & Yang, L. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Brain Behav Immun., S0889-1591(January), 30511-0.
Chen, H., Guo, J., Wang, C., Luo, F., Yu, X., Zhang, W., Li, J., Zhao, D., Xu, D., Gong, Q., Liao, J., Yang, H., Hou, W., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet (London, England), 395(10226), 809. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet, 395(10223), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
Fu, M., Liu, Y., Wang, G., Wang, P., Zhang, J., Chen, C., Zhao, M., Zhang, S., Jiao, J., Ouyang, X., Yu, Y., Wen, B., He, C., Wang, J., Zhou, D., & Xiong, X. (2022). A protein-protein interaction map reveals that the Coxiella burnetii effector CirB inhibits host proteasome activity. PLoS Pathogens, 18(7 July). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1010660
Huang, B., Ling, R., Cheng, Y., Wen, J., Dai, Y., Huang, W., Zhang, S., Lu, X., Luo, Y., & Jiang, Y. Z. (2020a). Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options. Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development, 18, 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OMTM.2020.06.013
Huang, B., Ling, R., Cheng, Y., Wen, J., Dai, Y., Huang, W., Zhang, S., Lu, X., Luo, Y., & Jiang, Y. Z. (2020b). Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options. Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development, 18, 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OMTM.2020.06.013
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., … Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
Iannetta, M., Buccisano, F., Fraboni, D., Malagnino, V., Campogiani, L., Teti, E., Spalliera, I., Rossi, B., di Lorenzo, A., Palmieri, R., Crea, A., Zordan, M., Vitale, P., Voso, M. T., Andreoni, M., & Sarmati, L. (2021). Baseline T-lymphocyte subset absolute counts can predict both outcome and severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: a single center study. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90983-0
Jones, D. L., Baluja, M. Q., Graham, D. W., Corbishley, A., McDonald, J. E., Malham, S. K., Hillary, L. S., Connor, T. R., Gaze, W. H., Moura, I. B., Wilcox, M. H., & Farkas, K. (2020). Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in feces and urine and its potential role in person-to-person transmission and the environment-based spread of COVID-19. The Science of the Total Environment, 749. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2020.141364
Kim, Y. G., Yun, S. G., Kim, M. Y., Park, K., Cho, C. H., Yoon, S. Y., Nam, M. H., Lee, C. K., Cho, Y. J., & Lim, C. S. (2016). Comparison between Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Multiplex Reverse Transcription-PCR. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 55(1), 226–233. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01704-16
Lai, C. C., Shih, T. P., Ko, W. C., Tang, H. J., & Hsueh, P. R. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 55(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJANTIMICAG.2020.105924