Goitrogenic Study of Katuk and Moringa Leaf Boiling on TSH, Free T4 Levels, Physical Growth, and Memory in Normal and Hypothyroid Rats
Corresponding Author(s) : Zulkhah Noor
Prosiding International Conference on Sustainable Innovation (ICoSI),
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Maximizing Opportunities and Research for a Better Life
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine and assess the effect of giving katuk or moringa leaf decoction to mother rats during lactation on TSH and fT4 levels, spatial memory and anxiety levels in congenitally hypothyroid rat offspring. This is an experimental post test and controlled group design. The research subjects were normal and congenitally hypothyroid rat offspring obtained from mother Sprague Dawley rats whose drinks were mixed with 0.0015% PTU from the 6th day of pregnancy until weaning. Subjects were divided into 4 groups for the cough test and 4 groups for the moringa test, namely the normal group, normal with cough or moringa, congenital hypothyroidism, and congenital hypothyroidism with cough or moringa. Each group consisted of 8 mice. Giving 40 g% katuk or moringa leaf decoction to the mother at a dose of 430 mg/KgBW per day starting on the 4th day after giving birth until weaning. The Open Field Test was carried out at the age of 33 days and the Morris Water Maze test was started when the mice were 35 days old. Measurement of TSH and fT4 levels using the Elisa method was carried out at the end of the study. Data analysis uses one-way anova or Kruskal-Walli. Giving boiled katuk leaves had no effect on TSH and fT4 levels in normal or congenital hypothyroid rats (p<0.05). In the Morris Water Maze, giving katuk leaves significantly worsened latency time, latency distance, and retention time when combined with giving PTU (p<0.05). Open Field Test, time in the middle box and number of passes by normal rats given katuk increased significant (p<0.05). Administration of Moringa leaf decoction significantly reduced fT4 levels in normal rat pups (p<0.05), the percentage of memory retention time in congenitally hypothyroid rat pups with Moringa increased significantly (p<0.05) in the Morris Water Maze test, the number of stands and passes in the litter. Normal mice with Moringa increased significantly (p<0.05) in the Open Field Test. PTU 15 ppm causes hypothyroidism in mother and child. Consuming boiled katuk leaves had no effect on TSH and fT4 levels in normal or congenitally hypothyroid mother rats or pups. The combination of katuk leaves and PTU in the parent reduces the child's learning ability and spatial memory. Hypothyroid conditions and giving decoction of katuk leaves increases courage. Consuming katuk leaf decoction increases exploration behavior and reduces anxiety. The effect of giving Moringa leaf decoction reduced the fT4 levels of normal rat pups but did not worsen the fT4 levels of congenital hypothyroid rat pups, increased the percentage of spatial memory retention time of congenital hypothyroid rat pups, and increased the explorative behavior and boldness of normal rat pups.
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