Strengthening the Institutional Capacity of PRA and PRNA in the Protection of Women and Children from Acts of Violence

. Protection for women and children from acts of violence is regulated in Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection and Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence. Muhammadiyah has a concern for women's and children's issues, especially through PRA and PRNA. The target partners for this activity are PRNA and PRA Trihanggo. The problems faced by partners are the partners' lack of understanding regarding issues of violence against women and children, and the partners' lack of ability to develop work programs related to the protection of women and children. The purpose of this activity is to carry out institutional strengthening in the protection of women and children from acts of violence. The method used is counseling and assistance in the preparation of work programs. The result of this activity is an increase in partners' understanding of the issue of violence against women and children, as well as an increase in partners' ability to develop sustainable work programs. Thus it can be concluded that this community service activity is in accordance with the target and is able to provide solutions to partner problems. With the transfer of knowledge and technology transfer in this activity, partners can independently continue and apply it in their various work programs.


A. Situation Analysis
Data on violence against women and children in Indonesia show an increase from year to year.The recorded figures are only the tip of the iceberg of the actual facts.Many factors cause the actual data can not be disclosed.Based on data from Komnas Perempuan, cases of Gender Based Violence Against Women (KBGTP) throughout 2021 totaled 338,496 cases.This data has increased from 226,062 cases in 2020.KBGTP data in 2022 is still dominated by violence in the personal sphere with 2,527 cases, of which 771 cases are violence against wives and 212 cases of violence against girls (https://pmb.brin).go.id/violence-to-women-and-culture-patriarchy-in-community-Indonesia).Other sources show that in 2021 reported cases of violence against children reached 11,952.As many as 58.6 percent or 7,004 of them were cases of sexual violence.Based on the same data, cases of violence against women reached 8,478 cases, as many as 15 percent or 1,272 cases of which were cases of sexual violence (https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2022/10/28/14242531/keKerasaan-terhadap-childreach-11952-majority-cases-of-sexualviolence).
Protection of women and children, among others, is regulated in Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection and Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence (UU PKDRT).The scope of violence against women or gender-based violence can be categorized in the public or domestic domains (Harnoko, 2010;Rusyidi & Raharjo. Santosa Tri, n.d.).Based on various previous studies, many factors lead to acts of violence against women and children, including sociocultural factors that cause inequality in power relations (Rifa'at & Farid, 2019), economy, knowledge and understanding (Fatmariza et al., 2020), and religious interpretation.
Efforts to deal with violence against women and children continue to be carried out both by formal institutions (government) and informal institutions such as NGOs and other community organizations (Chilmiati & Sularto, n.d.).Muhammadiyah is one of the Islamic civil society organizations that is concerned with the issues of women and children, especially through the women's orphans Nasyiatul Aisyiyah (NA) and Aisyiyah.As an organization, of course, it requires strong institutional capacity to be able to run the organization well to realize organizational goals.Strengthening institutional capacity is an effort to build the right organization, systems, partnerships, people, and processes to carry out certain agendas or plans (Rintjap et al., 2018).UNDP defines capacity building as a process by which individuals, groups, organizations, institutions, and communities increase their ability to: 1).Produce the performance of the implementation of the main tasks and functions, solve problems, formulate and realize the achievement of the goals that have been set, and 2).Understand and meet development needs in a broader context in a sustainable way (Radyan Danar et al., 2021).Strengthening capacity means changing behavior for: 1).Improving individual ability in knowledge, skills, and attitudes; 2).Improving institutional capabilities in organization and management, finance, and culture; 3).Increasing the ability of the community to be independent, self-sufficient, and anticipate change (Kurniyati, 2013).
North Trihanggo PRNA, South Trihanggo PRNA, North Trihanggo PRA, and South Trihanggo PRA are in the Trihanggo Village area, Kecamatan or Kapanewon Gamping.The character of the community is quite unique, namely semi-rural and semi-urban so the heterogeneity of various aspects of life varies greatly.This condition is a challenge for PRNA Trihanggo Utara, PRNA Trihanggo Selatan, PRA Trihanggo Utara, and PRA Trihanggo Selatan, both in organizational management and in the implementation of programs and activities that are in direct contact with the community.The target partners for PRNA and PRA were chosen because of their position as an autonomous organization of Muhammadiyah which is dedicated to issues of empowering and advocating for women and children.Within the area of North Trihanggo PRNA, South Trihanggo PRNA, North Trihanggo PRA, and South Trihanggo PRA there are still many people who do not care about and do not understand the issue of acts of violence against women and children.Meanwhile, on the institutional side, management's understanding of the issue of violence against women and children from various perspectives is felt to be lacking.In addition, assistance is still needed in the preparation of programs and activities related to the protection of women and children.

B. Partner Issues
From the description in the situation analysis of the target partners, the problems that were resolved in this community service activity could be identified: 1) There is still a need to update the knowledge and understanding of management regarding the protection of women and children from acts of violence.2) There is still a need for assistance for administrators in preparing work programs, empowerment, and advocating for women and children from acts of violence.

C. Problem Solutions
The solution that was carried out to solve the target partner's problems was through the following activities: 1) Conducting education in the form of counseling for administrators and study groups for members of PRA and PRNA.2) Conduct FGDs with PRA and PRNA administrators to determine strategic issues that are included in programs and activities related to institutional empowerment and community empowerment regarding the protection of women and children from acts of violence.3) Provide assistance in the preparation of programs and activities for PRA and PRNA.4) Administrators related to the protection of women and children from acts of violence.

Methodology
The implementation method is carried out using a collaborative and multidisciplinary model.Collaborative involving PRA and PRNA services and management teams.Multidisciplinary involving lecturers from the Government Science study program, lecturers from the Communication Science study program, and students from the two study programs.
This community service activity consists of 3 stages of activity including the preparation stage, the implementation stage, the evaluation, and the reporting stage.
1) Preparation Stage a. Survey, this activity was carried out in the Trihanggo Village, Sleman Regency, by gathering information about the problems faced by partners and determining themes based on partner problems.b. Preparation of the agenda schedule, this preparatory stage is carried out by compiling a schedule of activities with the PRA and PRNA Trihanggo management, so that the agenda schedule prepared can be mutually agreed upon and carried out based on shared responsibility during the dedication.

2) Implementation Stage
This stage begins with conducting a pre-test to find out the achievement of the target group's knowledge, especially as a basis for sharpening material that the partner group has not yet understood.Furthermore, 3 activities were carried out which became the solution to partner problems: counseling, FGD, and mentoring.
At the end of the activity, a post-test was carried out to find out the progress of the target achievement of the material that had been delivered.

3) Evaluation and Reporting Stage
At the monitoring stage, monitoring is carried out during the program, and corrective action against possible errors that occur.This stage is carried out together with the activity implementation process which is then carried out at the evaluation stage so that you can immediately find out the achievements that have been implemented according to the plans that have been prepared or those that have not yet been implemented from each activity process.Then, if the monitoring and evaluation reveal any errors or deficiencies, they can be corrected immediately.Evaluation is carried out based on input from partners as well.

A. Planning Stage
The service team started the activity by conducting a location survey and interviewing the PRA and PRNA management, who previously had a relationship with one of the board members.Through one of these administrators, it was discovered that the administrators had limitations in activating the organization and compiling work programs that could be more attractive and motivate members to get involved.So far, the routine activities carried out are recitations for members every month with themes that are often not up to date.Therefore, in the second week of February 2023, the service team held a meeting with PRA and PRNA officials for more in-depth interviews to explore the problems they are facing.In the interview, it was agreed that one of the issues that would be resolved together through community service activities was raising the issue of protecting women and children from acts of violence.This issue was chosen because it corresponds to the area of work of PRA and PRNA as an autonomous organization of Muhammadiyah, the conditions of the members and the environment in the scope of work of PRA and PRNA, and the need for PRA and PRNA to develop work programs related to the protection of women and children from acts of violence.Furthermore, the service team and partners through the meeting forum make a schedule for implementing activities and preparing supporting resources.At the initial meeting, it was agreed that strengthening institutional capacity through education on the protection of women and children from acts of violence at PRA and PRNA Trihanggo would be carried out in three activities, namely: education for PRA and PRNA Trihanggo administrators, counseling for members through routine recitation forums, and assistance in the preparation PRA and PRNA work programs related to the protection of women and children from acts of violence.

B. Implementation Stage
This stage begins with conducting a pre-test to find out the initial knowledge of the partner group, especially as a basis for sharpening material that the partner group has not yet understood.Furthermore, 3 activities were carried out which became the solution to partner problems: counseling, FGD, and mentoring.At the end of the activity, a post-test was carried out to find out the progress of the target achievement of the material that had been delivered.
Counseling was carried out in three meetings, namely in the first week, second week, and third week of March 2023.The first meeting was in the form of education to PRA and PRNA officials about psychological, legal, socio-cultural perspectives regarding acts of violence against women and children, and how to identify, prevent, and deal with it.Through this activity, it is hoped that management can apply it in the form of a work program on an ongoing basis.The first meeting was held at the Al-Ihsan mosque and was attended by 20 officials from PRA and PRNA.The second and third meetings were in the form of outreach to PRA and PRNA members through recitation forums which are routinely carried out every month by PRA and PRNA.On this occasion, the event was packaged in a socialization form that was easy to understand, including from an Islamic perspective.The resource person uses audio-visual media, in the form of PPT (PowerPoint) and video, so that the material is easier for participants to understand and remember.The PRA and PRNA study groups are mothers who have direct contact with the family, so it is hoped that awareness regarding the prevention of acts of violence against women can start from the family.In the second meeting, the participants were the PRA study group.The activity was held at the Al-Iman mosque and was attended by approximately 70 participants.Meanwhile, the second meeting was held at a PRNA management house and was attended by approximately 40 participants.
Furthermore, after educating PRA and PRNA administrators, the service team and PRA and PRNA administrators carried out FGDs as the first step to develop work programs related to the protection of women and children from acts of violence.In the FGD, problems were identified, solutions were jointly sought, and the main issues were determined to be included in the work program.The FGD activities were held at the Al-Iman Mosque attended by PRA and PRNA administrators.After the FGD activities, the service team provided assistance to the PRA and PRNA administrators to compile the main issues regarding the protection of women and children from acts of violence in their respective work programs.This last activity was carried out at the Al-Ihsan Mosque.In the future, this program will be continued in collaboration with PRM, because family issues and issues of protecting women and children must not only be the concern of women but also of men.

C. Evaluation Stage
Monitoring is carried out by the service team during the activity.From observations and interviews with partners, they are enthusiastic and appreciate this service activity.During the activity, partners also contributed, especially in the mobilization of participants in counseling activities and their activeness and seriousness in preparing work programs.So that it can be said that there has been a transfer of knowledge and transfer of technology in this activity which leads to sustainability through the PRA and PRNA work programs.The partner group even hopes that next year the community service collaboration can be continued for the next stages, especially in supporting program implementation.Apart from that, it can also be concluded that this service activity is in accordance with the target and is able to provide solutions to partner problems.

Conclusion
The community service activity "Strengthening the Institutional Capacity of PRNA and PRA Trihanggo Through Education on the Protection of Women and Children from Acts of Violence and Assistance in Programming" in the planning process to evaluation involves partners actively.This service activity is in accordance with the target and is able to provide solutions to partner problems.With the transfer of knowledge and technology transfer in this activity, partners can independently continue and apply it in their various work programs, so that there is sustainability of this community service activity.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Team interview with PRA and PRNA administrators at the preparatory stage and Figure 2. Preparatory meeting for the implementation of activities with partners

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. FGD for compiling a work program